![]() ![]() The left ureter lies dorsal to the medial border of the colon however, caudally, the ureter traverses obliquely and dorsally over the colon and then lies lateral to it as the ureter enters the bladder. Cranially, the descending colon is in contact with the left kidney. The longest part of the colon is the descending colon, which extends from the left colic flexure to the pelvic inlet it is contiguous with the rectum and anatomically indistinguishable. It lies caudodorsal to the stomach and caudoventral to the left limb of the pancreas and is tethered by the mesocolon, which is about 3 cm in length in dogs. The transverse colon lies cranial to the cranial mesenteric artery and root of the mesentery and passes from right to left, from the right colic flexure of the ascending to the descending colon at the left colic flexure. The mesocolon is very short at its point of origin (ileocecolic junction), lengthening to 2 to 3 cm at the level of the right colic flexure. The ascending colon is relatively fixed in its position by its attachments to mesoduodenum and mesocolon. It is bounded by the descending duodenum on the right and lies ventral to the right limb of the pancreas, mesoduodenum, and right kidney. Ventrally, the ascending colon is covered by the small intestine. The length and position of the ascending colon vary greatly in general, however, the ascending colon lies on the right side and extends approximately 5 cm cranially from the ileocolic orifice to the right colic flexure, where it becomes the transverse colon. Grossly, there are three distinct parts to the colon: ascending, transverse, and descending. The colon is usually paler in color than the rest of the intestines and is readily identified by its position relative to the cecum and rectum and the fact that it is usually of greater diameter and is seen to be feces filled. Reprinted from O’Brien TR: Radiographic diagnosis of abdominal disorders in the dog and cat, Davis, CA, 1981, Covell Park Veterinary.) B from Thrall DE, editor: Textbook of veterinary diagnostic radiology, ed 5, Philadelphia, 2007, Saunders/Elsevier. ( A from Evans HE, de Lahunta A: Miller’s anatomy of the dog, ed 4, St Louis, 2013, Saunders/Elsevier. B, The feline cecum is a short, conelike structure with no compartmentalization and rarely contains gas. Figure 93-1 A, Longitudinal section through ileocolic orifice of the canine ileocolic junction, ventral aspect. ![]()
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